QUICK FACT: First to colonize new lava; deeply important in Hawaiian culture and ecology.

THREATS: Fire, invasive species, and introduced diseases driving ecosystem decline.

IMPORTANCE: A keystone Hawaiian tree spanning sea level to 2,500 m, dominant in many forest types.

Photo credit: Jeffery Stallman

QUICK FACT: First to colonize new lava; deeply important in Hawaiian culture and ecology.

THREATS: Fire, invasive species, and introduced diseases driving ecosystem decline.

IMPORTANCE: A keystone Hawaiian tree spanning sea level to 2,500 m, dominant in many forest types.

Photo credit: Jeffery Stallman